1、  比較過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

　　1)過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)

　　生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。

　　2)過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間

　　狀語(yǔ)。

　　一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):

　　yesterday, last week， ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

　　共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):

　　this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

　　for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,

　　不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

　　3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach,

　　learn, work, study, know.

　　過(guò)去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married

　　等。

　　舉例：

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　I saw this film yesterday.

　　I have seen this film.

　　Why did you get up so early?

　　Who hasn t handed in his paper?

　　She has returned from Paris.

　　她已從巴黎回來(lái)了。

　　She returned yesterday.

　　她是昨天回來(lái)了。

　　He has been in the League for three years.

　　He has been a League member for three years.

　　He joined the League three years ago.

　　I have finished my homework now.

　　---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?

　　---He s already been sent for.

　　句子中如有過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

　　Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

　　2  用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　1)It is the first / second time . that 結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

　　It is the first time that I have visited the city.

　　It was the third time that the boy had been late.

　　2)This is the that 結(jié)構(gòu)，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).

　　This is the best film that I ve seen.

　　這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。

　　This is the first time I ve heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽(tīng)他唱歌。

　　典型例題

　　---Do you know our town at all?

　　---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

　　A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

　　答案B. This is the first time 后面所加從句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B。

　　---Have you ____ been to our town before?

　　---No, it s the first time I ___ here.

　　A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come

　　答案D. ever意為曾經(jīng)或無(wú)論何時(shí)，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用于完成時(shí)。 This is the