A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　答案 A. 等待的動(dòng)作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

　　6  過去完成時(shí)

　　1) 概念：表示過去的過去

　　----|-------|-----|---- 其構(gòu)成是had +過去分詞構(gòu)成。

　　那時(shí)以前 那時(shí) 現(xiàn)在

　　2) 用法

　　a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句。

　　She said she had never been to Paris.

　　b. 狀語從句

　　在過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先，用過去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時(shí)。

　　When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

　　c. 表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去

　　完成時(shí)表示 原本 ，未能

　　We had hoped that you would come, but you didn t.

　　3) 過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。

　　He said that he had learned some English before.

　　By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the

　　party.

　　典型例題

　　The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

　　A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were

　　writing, had left

　　答案D. 把書忘在辦公室 發(fā)生在 去取書 這一過去的動(dòng)作之前，因此 忘了書 這一動(dòng)作發(fā)

　　生在過去的過去，用過去完成時(shí)。句中when表示的是時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)，表示在 同學(xué)們正忙

　　于 這一背景下，when所引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。因此

　　前一句應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

　　注意： had no when 還沒等 就

　　had no sooner than 剛 就

　　He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.

　　7  用一般過去時(shí)代替完成時(shí)

　　1) 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強(qiáng)調(diào)先后，或用then，and，but 等連詞時(shí)，多用一般

　　過去時(shí)。

　　When she saw the mouse，she screamed.

　　My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　2017 昆明小升初家長(zhǎng)群 106422652

　　2 ) 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時(shí);如第一個(gè)動(dòng)作需要若干時(shí)間完成，用過去完成

　　時(shí)。

　　When I heard the news, I was very excited.

　　3) 敘述歷史事實(shí)，可不用過去完成時(shí)，而只用一般過去時(shí)。

　　Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

　　8  將來完成時(shí)

　　1) 構(gòu)成will / be going to do sth.

　　2) 概念

　　a. 狀態(tài)完成：表示某事繼續(xù)到將來某一時(shí)為止一直有的狀態(tài)。

　　b. 動(dòng)作完成：表示將來某一時(shí)或另一個(gè)將來的動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或一獲得的經(jīng)

　　驗(yàn)。